The strongest registered earthquakes Glory of the strongest earthquakes of all time belongs to the earthquake which struck March 22, 1960 in Chile, as the scientists were able to fix it. In other words, in the history of mankind has been a lot of really strong earthquakes (and even more so - before we arrived on the scene), but that this time they were able to measure, record and confirm the intensity of crustal movement during this disaster. Tools that seismologists use to measure the strength of an earthquake, designed to determine the amount of energy released by the movement of the earth's crust during the seismic activity. Earthquake in Chile holds the championship in the number of the released energy, and not by the number brought by the human and produced damage. That quake was the strongest of all instrumentally recorded earthquakes. It has an index of 9.5 on a scale of moment magnitude (Mw), but the scale of the surface wave (Ms), this value at one point less than - 8.5. In this picture, in 1960 visible damage due to tsunami on the coast of Northern California, in New Orleans, which is located at a distance of more than 9000 miles from the epicenter of the Chilean earthquake. The epicenter (the point of the earth's surface directly above the focus of the earthquake) was in the Pacific Ocean, about 60 km below the ocean floor, approximately 100 miles off the coast of Chile. Nearby cities Valdivia and Puerto Montt were severely disrupted due to its proximity to the center of this earthquake. Loss of human lives was relatively small for a disaster of such force as was at first tentative push, after which people flocked to the streets to escape from the elements. Approximately 30 minutes after the pre-shock, when the major earthquake, most people were still on the streets, not daring to go to their homes. Therefore, collapsed houses and buildings were mostly empty. Nevertheless, the magnitude of the damage exceeded half a billion dollars. Many houses in the Chilean city Maullin May 22, 1960 earthquake withstand the impact of 9,5 points. Destruction, which are visible in the photo were produced tsunami waves. In addition to the destruction of houses in towns, village street flooding occurred due to subsidence of coastal land after the passage of major quakes. Were destroyed not only the structures built by humans, but forever changed and the land itself because of the huge amount of energy released from its bowels. Terrible landslides, massive flows of earthen debris and rock cliffs rushed down the mountain slopes. Some landslides were so enormous that changed the direction of flow of major rivers, or even blocked them, creating new lakes. Land along the coast, especially in the port city of Puerto Montt, subsided (sunk downward) as a result of crustal movement during an earthquake, and the port city flooded ocean water. Impact of the tsunami in the town of Hilo on the island of Hawaii, May 22, 1960 there was a wave height of about 10 m. Note the parking meter, which bent the power of waves to the ground. Damage from the earthquake was not limited to the nearby coast of Chile. Huge waves, or tsunamis, have moved thousands of miles over vast expanses of the Pacific Ocean, reached the Hawaiian Islands, the Philippines and even Japan, destroying everything in its path. Tsunamis were created by the displacement of the ocean floor, which led to a massive and heavy duty shock in the water column. It was as if someone had thrown a huge stone into the ocean, right in the epicenter of the earthquake and the huge "ripple" multimeter sizes rushed in all directions, moving at a speed of 200 miles (320 kilometers) per hour! City Centre Hilo, destroyed tsunami wave, May 22, 1960 Why is there an earthquake? Every time anywhere in the world an earthquake occurs, any strength, while the case of one and the same thing: moving huge masses of rock on either side of the fault (a crack or crevice in the ground). Such faults are formed due to pressure and deformation recovery due to movement of tectonic platforms. Moving with breaking occurs along the platform margin (in points of contact of their edges). In 1960, just a shift (move down) platform Nazca under the South American continent, which caused a major earthquake. In fact, the platform Nazca and now continues to shift beneath the continent, and its constant slow movement (with a few quick shifts) and creates an earthquake in the region. People watching at a safe height, as the tsunami floods the Japanese city Onagava, May 22, 1960 In Chile there is a set of earthquakes, as to a record earthquakes in 1960 and after. Two very strong earthquake of approximately equal strength, occurred March 3, 1985 and July 30, 1995 The magnitude of both earthquakes was about 8 points. Chilean earthquakes are not uncommon, and many of them have much power. Strong Earthquake in Chile occur, as is evident from history, about every 25-100 years. They will come up as long as the Pacific platform will continue its movement. See also: Land Basin biggest edifice that was built on the planet living beings ... It flows from the rocks water ordinary record of a tsunami wave height Desert-record the largest lake in the world based on the volume and surface area record highs over the world have a rival Everest! The deepest point of the oceans cuho Here, as in the space where much warmer planet Fridge not very deep, but one of the longest caves in places of extreme temperatures longest river in the world as formed the largest seamounts Dead Sea - why is it called so? 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