Land basin

Areas of land below sea level, David Lynch, a geologist Seats on the planet, where the land surface is below sea level, has a few dozen. The lowest portion of "dry" soil - it's coastline from the Dead Sea in Israel. Given the area of ??low area, then the championship will be over the Caspian Lowlands. In total, 33 countries are on its territory "depressed" areas of the surface is not covered by water. Most of the depressions formed by processes at the different tectonic plates, the movement which largely determine the geologic processes on the surface of the planet. They are formed either by descent of slabs due to the strain, or when the plates diverge. Some depressions are of volcanic origin. Most low surface areas, there are in the northern hemisphere, and this is understandable, because most of the land lies north of the equator. A large number of depressions formed by the interaction of African, Arab and Eurasian tectonic plates. Another factor influencing the formation of undervalued land - a hot climate, which is due to evaporation prevents cavities filled with water. The Dead Sea is located in a deep depression at the boundary between the African and Arabian tectonic plates (black line). Lowering the surface formed by differences of these plates. The depth of depression - more than 400 meters, and nowhere is no place on land, the height of which would be lower than the bank that is very salty sea. Below sea level stations are located in places that many well-known. Thus, the third part of the Netherlands, including Schiphol Airport, have a negative height relative to the ocean surface. This also should include the Jordan River and the many areas of coastal cities, including New Orleans and Bangkok. Less well-known places such as depression Cul de Sac (Enriquillo) west of the Dominican Republic, depression Schott Melhir in Algeria, areas Sebhet Shanyan and Sabhat Guzayil in Libya and the Shatt al-Garcia in Tunis, nullah Lammeford in Denmark, Sabha-Tah in Morocco, the Japanese shore of Lake Khashirov Gat, Mingbulakskaya cavity (Sarikarnish Cooley) in Uzbekistan, the Fens (Fenland) in the UK and Lake Eyre in Australia. Among the 255 countries and protectorates only 33 are on its territory land areas below sea level. Most of them have a depth of only a few meters. Some low areas completely dry, to most of the rest is salty lake. All lakes are closed, ie closed lakes, they may fall river, but from the pond water leaves only by evaporation. Due to the fact that liquid water does not get out of the lake into the ocean, then it can not go anywhere salt, so that its concentration in such water bodies is extremely high. Whence in these lakes appears salt? A certain amount of washed out by rain and groundwater from the salt deposits of ancient seas, and then deliver it to the river into the lake. In addition, the river wash away sodium and chloride ions of some minerals. There are opposite examples. Thus, the level of the Sea of ??Galilee below sea level, but its waters are fresh, since it implies the Jordan River, which in turn empties into the Dead Sea. Due to annual changes in rainfall and degree of evaporation, but also because of the uneven water consumption and the man most lakes change their level from year to year. Some of the same ponds were formed recently, such as the California Salton Sea, whose history began in 1905. Due to heavy rains and abnormally large amount of melt water were broken locks on the canal Imperial Valley, as a result of water escaping to freedom, has formed two new river - New Rivet in the west, and Alamo Rivet in the east, each of nearly 100 km. On these rivers spillway of the Colorado River began to flood in the Salton trough, filling it about two years. Dead Sea salt deposits - the product of intense evaporation of water level of the lowest land area on the shore of the Dead Sea - 413 meters below the sea surface. Record depth among lakes located in the hollows, also belong to this body of water. The deepest point of the Dead Sea is located at around 750 meters below the water level in the ocean. Among the lakes located in high areas of the earth surface, the primacy of the depth, 1637 meters, holds the Lake Baikal. However, due to the fact that his bank has a height above the sea 447 meters, the deepest point of Russia's Lake is located at around -1190 meters. Compared with the data on record levels of land and the lake bottom is the third value - the depth of the glacier, and this value is greater than the previous two. The deepest point of depression Bentley ice in Antarctica reaches -2555 meters. Depression has a huge size, it all could fit into a metropolis like Mexico City. The deepest point of the ocean, 10,916 feet, is located at the bottom of the Mariana Trench. The faults of this kind are formed by movement of tectonic plates, most of them have a depth of about five thousand meters. A significant part of New Orleans lies below sea level. From flooding the city is protected by dikes and powerful system of pumping water. Strictly speaking, below sea level is a large part of the earth's surface, since the oceans cover 71% of the planet the planet's area. However, such a relationship was not at all times due to changes of the water level in the oceans. For example, 18 thousand years ago, during the Great Ice Age sea level was at 130 meters below, so that very large area of ??the earth's surface, which were then dry land, were now under water. Without a doubt, the future of our planet, as well as in her past, there may be further shifts of tectonic plates, resulting in can form new mountains and new cavities. And it is very likely that some of the new mountains will be higher than today and some future depressions are deeper than available today. Ten acres of land located below sea level, the Dead Sea Depression most low-lying point of land. Below sea level, 413 meters. Countries - Israel, Syria and Jordan. Coordinates - 31 ° 32 'sev.sh. and 35 ° 29 'vost.d. Dead Sea basin in its area is also in the forefront of similar places on Earth. In addition to the Dead Sea, it includes the Sea of ??Galilee, part of the Jordan River. Much of its territory inhabited, as there are a lot of cultivated land. Interestingly, the record-breaking depth of the land is constantly changing due to variability in rainfall, evaporation, changing water use. People use the water of the Jordan River for irrigation, and water from the Dead Sea - for salt production, in addition, there are many other ways of using water resources, such as spa and therapeutic purposes. Lake ACCA Afar depression depth - 155 meters, about, besides, this value is very unstable. Country - Djibouti. Coordinates - 11 ° 39 'sev.sh. and 42 ° 25 'vost.d. The coastline of Lake ACCA - Saaya lowest point of land on the African continent and the second on the depth of the earth. The lake is located in the Afar depression, which is formed by the interaction of three tectonic plates - Indian, African and Arab. As a result, the displacement of plates relative to each other formed lowering the earth's surface. The lake is fed by water springs, which apparently formed by groundwater coming from the Gulf of Tadjoura. Since the climate here is one of the hot and dry on the planet, the water evaporates very quickly. As a result, the lake ACCA is the most saline body of water on Earth. Turpan basin depth - 154 meters, approximately, the value is constantly changing. Country - China. Coordinates - 42 ° 56 'sev.sh. and 89 ° 12 'vost.d. Turpan area is located in the Autonomous Region in western China Hinyang. The bottom part of the area is filled with the waters of Lake Aydinkol. It is also very hot and dry climate and opportunities for the evaporation of water from the lake far exceeds the capacity of its tributary. The lake level Aydinkol very close to the height of the surface of African lakes Assa, therefore, subject to constant changes in surface height, the water is actually divided between second and third place in depth. Depression Cattaro Depth - 133 meters, approximately. Country - Egypt. Coordinates - 29 ° 32 'sev.sh. and 27 ° 07 'vost.d. Depression Cattaro located in the Libyan Desert in the north-western part of Egypt. Its depth - the second among the lowest parts of Africa. The territory inhabited by no one basin. Apart from the nomadic pastoralists, no one here has any commercial activity. Depression Karagiye Depth - 132 meters, approximately. Country - Kazahtan. Coordinates - 43 ° 27 'sev.sh. and 51 ° 45 'vost.d. Located in south-western part of Kazakhstan. Depression Denakil depth - 125 meters, approximately. Country - Ethiopia. Coordinates - 13 ° 16 'sev.sh. and 40 ° 54 'vost.d. Depression Denakil formed at the point where it joins the boundary of three tectonic plates - Indian, African and Arab. Since these plates are removed from each other, it led to the formation of low surface area. Located in the Afar Depression. Depression Gran Bajo San Julian depth - 105 meters. Country - Argentina. Coordinates - 13 ° 16 'yuzh.sh. and 40 ° 54 'zap.d. Gran Bajo San Julian, or, as it is called, the Great Depression of San Julian, located in south-eastern part of Argentina. This is the lowest point of the earth's surface, both in the western and southern hemisphere. The lowest point is called the Laguna del Carbon. Almost the whole area of ??San Julian Basin is covered with marshes with very salty water. Death Valley Depth - 86 meters. Country - United States. Coordinates - 36 ° 51 'sev.sh. and 117 ° 17 'zap.d. Form of Death Valley on the map has an elongated shape. Trough is located between two mountain ranges - Amargosa Range on the east side and Penemint Range to the west. North and south end of Death Valley formed by mountains and Sylvania Oulshed. These places - the hottest in the U.S.. In 1913 there was registered a record temperature - 56,7 ° C. In the Valley of Death very rarely rains, so the lowest places such as dry as the rest of the territory of this amazing natural formation. However, if there happens to heavy rain, it leads to severe floods, and at the bottom of the valley for some time formed fairly large lakes. Depression Akchakaya Depth - 81 meters. Country - Turkmenistan. Coordinates - 41 ° 02 'sev.sh. and 58 ° 18 'vost.d. Depression is located in northern Turkmenistan, in the very heat of the Karakum desert. Salton Sea Depth - 69 meters. Country - U.S., State of Mexico. Coordinates - 33 ° 19 'sev.sh. and 115 ° 50 'zap.d. Salton Sea - the second on the depth of a place on U.S. soil. Sea level is very unstable, it is highly dependent on the quantities of water discharge of rivers of New Rivet, Uaytrive and Alamo. In addition, water withdrawals for agriculture also significantly affects the level of the sea. The bottom of the Salton Sea only two meters higher than the lowest point of Death Valley. See also: The largest building, which was built on the planet living beings ... It flows from the rocks water ordinary record of a tsunami wave height Desert-record the largest lake in the world based on the volume and surface area record highs over the world have a rival Everest! 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